On the right, the same function is used to modify the surface of a sphere by generating an isosurface. On the left, a mathematical function defining a bump map simulates a crumbling surface on a sphere, but the object's outline and shadow remain those of a perfect sphere. Principles Bump mapping is limited in that it does not modify the shape of the underlying object. Normal mapping is the most common variation of bump mapping used. Bump mapping was introduced by James Blinn in 1978. The result is an apparently bumpy surface rather than a smooth surface, although the surface of the underlying object is not changed. This is achieved by perturbing the surface normals of the object and using the perturbed normal during lighting calculations. Bump maps achieve this effect by changing how an illuminated surface reacts to light, without modifying the size or shape of the surface.īump mapping is a texture mapping technique in computer graphics for simulating bumps and wrinkles on the surface of an object. The sphere with the bump map applied (right) appears to have a mottled surface resembling an orange. A bump map to be applied to the sphere (middle). Texturing technique for bumps/wrinkles in computer graphics A sphere without bump mapping (left).
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